5 causes of knee pain and how to get relief

Knee pain can be a major inconvenience, disrupting your mobility and interfering with daily activities. Knowing the underlying causes of any pain, whether it be dull or sharp, is essential to getting relief. As per research published in BMJ Journal, more than 12% of Indians reported having some kind of knee discomfort. Here are 5 typical causes of knee pain, along with practical solutions.

Injuries are often the result of sudden twists, falls, or impacts. The knee is a complex joint, susceptible to various types of injuries such as ligament tears, meniscus tears, or fractures. One common cause is sports-related activities that involve sudden stops or changes in direction, putting immense stress on the knee joint. Additionally, accidents like falls or collisions can also lead to knee injuries. Treatment for knee injuries typically involves rest, ice, compression, and elevation (RICE). Depending on the severity, physical therapy or even surgery may be necessary. To prevent knee injuries, warm-up exercises, proper footwear, and practising correct techniques during physical activities are essential.

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Arthritis, a condition characterised by inflammation of the joints, can negatively impact the knees. Osteoarthritis, the most common form of arthritis, occurs when the protective cartilage that cushions the ends of the bones wears down over time. Rheumatoid arthritis, on the other hand, is an autoimmune disorder where the body's immune system attacks the joints, leading to inflammation. Treatment for arthritis aims to manage pain and inflammation, often involving a combination of medication, physical therapy, and lifestyle modifications. In severe cases, surgical interventions such as knee replacement may be necessary.

Bursitis occurs when the small fluid-filled sacs known as bursae, which cushion the knee joint, become inflamed. This inflammation is often the result of repetitive movements or prolonged pressure on the knee, such as kneeling for extended periods or excessive running. Treatment for bursitis typically involves rest, ice packs, and anti-inflammatory medications to alleviate pain and swelling. In some cases, fluid from the bursa or corticosteroid (an anti-inflammatory medicine) injections may be recommended. To prevent bursitis, avoiding activities that put excessive strain on the knees and using protective knee pads can be beneficial.

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Tendinitis, also known as tendonitis, occurs when the tendons that connect muscles to bones become inflamed or irritated. This condition can be caused by overuse, repetitive motions, or sudden increases in physical activity. In the case of the knee, tendinitis often affects the patellar tendon, which connects the kneecap to the shinbone. Physical therapy exercises focused on strengthening the muscles around the knee can also help alleviate symptoms and prevent recurrence. Avoiding activities that aggravate the condition and using proper techniques during exercise are crucial for prevention.

A Baker's cyst, also known as a popliteal cyst, is a fluid-filled swelling that forms behind the knee. It occurs when excess synovial fluid, which lubricates the knee joint, accumulates and bulges out from the back of the knee. This may involve rest, ice packs, and elevation of the affected leg. In some cases, draining the fluid from the cyst or corticosteroid (an anti-inflammatory medicine) injections may be recommended.