'Harmless' drink can cause kidney diseases and anxiety disorders in young people

A widely consumed non-alcoholic beverage has gained immense popularity among millions of young individuals, but recent studies have highlighted alarming links between energy drinks and multiple health issues, including heightened risks for heart and kidney complications, as well as anxiety disorders. These beverages, while often regarded as a quick way to boost energy and alertness, have been implicated in a range of negative health effects, such as insomnia, elevated blood pressure, debilitating headaches, and gastrointestinal discomfort.

Energy drinks have exploded in popularity, particularly among the youth who survive on less sleep, with approximately 31% of young people in the UK reported to consume them regularly. Despite their ability to enhance focus and wakefulness, health experts are increasingly voicing their concerns regarding the potential dangers these drinks pose, especially to the younger population who are their primary consumers.

Annabel Gipp, a registered dietitian and contributing writer for the British Dietetic Association (BDA), has outlined the serious adverse effects associated with energy drinks, largely stemming from their high caffeine content. Gipp elaborates, stating, "Increased caffeine consumption among children and adolescents leads to elevated blood pressure, disrupting sleep patterns, causing severe headaches, and inducing stomach disturbances. There are also self-reported instances of injuries linked to hyperactivity triggered by these drinks."


In addition to these immediate effects, Gipp stresses the long-term implications: "Adolescence is a critical period for bone development, and caffeine has been shown to hinder calcium absorption in the small intestine, potentially resulting in lower calcium deposition in bones. This detrimental effect is exacerbated when energy drinks are consumed in place of calcium-rich alternatives like milk."


As per a comprehensive 2023 review published in the Nutrients journal, which analyzed 18 different reports detailing the adverse health effects tied to energy drinks among individuals under 18, it was found that nearly half of the incidents involved cardiovascular issues. These included serious conditions such as heart arrhythmia and arterial hypertension. Furthermore, neuropsychological problems accounted for one-third of the analyzed cases, while 22% reported kidney-related concerns.

The findings indicated that pre-existing medical conditions played a role in 44% of the analyzed incidents. In fact, the researchers noted, "Cardiovascular adverse health events were documented in 45% of the incidences, including alarming conditions such as cardiac arrhythmia, arterial hypertension, acute coronary artery vasospasm, and spontaneous coronary artery dissection." In some cases, the affected individuals had consumed substantial amounts of energy drinks over several days, while one notable incident involved a healthy adolescent experiencing significant cardiovascular repercussions after consuming only a moderate amount of caffeine (80 mg).

Further illustrating the potential dangers, the study cited a case from 2011 involving a teenager who suffered from acute renal failure linked to energy drink consumption. The authors pointed to the high taurine levels in these products as a potential contributing factor, noting that "approximately 95% of taurine is metabolized in the kidneys." They highlighted how the consumption of energy drinks might lead to arterial hypertension, metabolic disorders associated with sugar, and weight gain, all of which are recognized risk factors for chronic kidney disease.

In addition to physical health impacts, a recent study published in the Public Health journal revealed a troubling correlation between energy drink consumption and mental health issues in children and young adults. The study analyzed data from 57 diverse studies encompassing over 1.2 million participants from more than 21 different countries, identifying significant associations with anxiety, stress, depression, and even suicidal ideation.

Dr. Shelina Visram, a senior public health lecturer from Fuse, Newcastle University, and co-author of the study, expressed grave concern over these findings. "We are extremely worried about the implications that energy drinks can lead to psychological distress and mental health challenges. These findings represent crucial public health issues that must be addressed promptly."

For years, researchers have lamented the lack of regulatory action surrounding energy drinks, arguing that their widespread availability to children and adolescents is jeopardizing their health. Professor Amelia Lake, the lead author of the study, stated, "Energy drinks are being marketed to children and young people as a means to enhance their energy and performance levels, yet our research indicates they may be causing more harm than benefit."

She further noted, "We have raised alarms about the health consequences of these drinks for nearly a decade, highlighting that they are sold to children as young as ten years old for prices as low as 25 pence—cheaper than bottled water." The growing body of evidence suggests that energy drinks pose significant risks not only to the mental and physical health of children and adolescents but also to their behavior and academic performance. Urgent action is needed to mitigate these risks and protect young individuals from the harmful effects of these products.

What are the alternatives to energy drinks?

Healthier alternatives to energy drinks include herbal teas, natural fruit juices, coconut water, and just plain water. These options provide hydration, essential nutrients, and a moderate energy boost without the negative effects of excessive caffeine or sugar. Additionally, foods like dark chocolate, green tea, and goji berries can also offer a natural energy boost.

Incorporating regular physical activity and getting enough sleep are also crucial for maintaining steady energy levels throughout the day. Smoothies made with leafy greens, protein, and fresh fruits are another excellent way to stay energized naturally. For a quick pick-me-up, snacking on nuts, seeds, or a banana can provide lasting fuel without the crash.

Staying hydrated is equally important, as even mild dehydration can lead to fatigue and reduced concentration.
Limiting processed sugars and caffeine can help prevent energy spikes followed by crashes. Finally, managing stress through mindfulness or meditation can improve overall vitality and keep energy levels balanced.




Focusing on a healthy diet is important. A nutrient-rich, low-sodium foods can reduce strain on the kidneys. Leafy greens like spinach and kale, packed with vitamins and antioxidants, promote kidney function, though portion control is key for those with compromised kidneys due to their potassium content. Berries, such as blueberries and strawberries, are low in potassium and high in antioxidants, helping to reduce inflammation. Fatty fish like salmon, rich in omega-3 fatty acids, support heart health, which is crucial for kidney function.

Focusing on the diet that is good for the kidneys is another way to keep the organs healthy. Red bell peppers, cauliflower, cabbage, and onions are excellent low-potassium vegetables rich in vitamins, fiber, and antioxidants. Blueberries and apples provide natural antioxidants and help combat inflammation while keeping potassium and sodium levels in check. Also, ensure that you are hydrating. Drinking adequate water is essential for kidney function.

Eating a balanced diet, hydration, controlling blood pressure and blood sugar, limiting smoking and alcohol, and maintaining a healthy weight are crucial for kidney health. Exercise is also important for maintaining overall health. Try to get at least 150 minutes of exercise every week.

Rather than valuing a limited time period of high energy through a harmful source, it's better to train your body to take energy from healthy sources and have a long run. Nourishing your body with wholesome foods helps stabilize energy levels, improve focus, and support overall well-being. Over time, these small, consistent choices lead to better resilience—both physically and mentally.