Most common summer health hazards and tips to prevent them

With the arrival of summer, it's crucial to recognize the potential health risks associated with hot and humid weather. In such conditions, your body exerts extra effort to regulate its temperature, placing added strain, especially on older adults and individuals with pre-existing health conditions.

Dr. Dinesh Kumar Tyagi, Additional Director of Internal Medicine at Fortis Hospital in Greater Noida, warns about the potential health risks associated with high temperatures.

Heat exhaustion is a common concern, particularly for those working outdoors in hot weather conditions. To prevent heat-related illnesses, it's essential to stay hydrated by drinking plenty of water. Shikanji (Indian Lemonade) or other salt-mixed beverages can also help replenish lost electrolytes. Additionally, individuals should seek shade, wear loose-fitting cotton clothing, and avoid strenuous physical activities to stay cool and safe.

Heat exhaustion, the initial stage of heat-related illness, presents with symptoms such as muscle cramps, decreased sweating, dizziness, weakness, and excessive sweating. If these symptoms worsen, sweating may reduce significantly and weakness may be felt. In such a situation, drink plenty of water; take Shikanji or any other beverage to balance the salt. It is important to protect yourself from heat, and try to keep your body cool and avoid any kind of exercise at this time.

Heat stroke, the next stage, is a severe medical emergency characterized by a rapid increase in body temperature. If the body temperature rises above 104 degrees Fahrenheit, the skin becomes dry, the pulse quickens, the blood pressure falls, and the person becomes disoriented, drowsy, or experiences convulsions. Immediate medical intervention is necessary to prevent complications.

If someone exhibits signs of heat stroke, immediately identify such a person and take him to the hospital for treatment. If you’re unable to immediately provide hospital facilities, then keep the person soaked with cold water, keep pouring water over him and as soon as you get a chance, take him to the hospital. There the doctors can give him fluids and many other measures can be taken in a hospital setup.

Certain individuals, particularly those not acclimated to hot weather conditions, are at higher risk of heat-related illnesses. Therefore, it's essential to avoid excessive exercise in extreme heat, gradually acclimate to warmer temperatures, and wear light, breathable clothing.

Furthermore, medications such as diuretics, beta blockers, and antihistamines can increase susceptibility to heat-related illnesses. Individuals taking these medications should take extra precautions and consult their healthcare provider for guidance.


Maintaining water and food hygiene is also crucial to prevent foodborne illnesses, which can exacerbate heat-related health issues.

In conclusion, staying vigilant and taking necessary precautions can help mitigate the risks associated with high temperatures during the summer months. By staying hydrated, avoiding excessive heat exposure, and recognizing the signs of heat-related illnesses, individuals can stay safe and healthy in hot weather conditions.