Winter's hidden heart hazard: Why cold snaps spike attacks

Cold weather can have deleterious effects on the heart in vulnerable populations, including the elderly and those with pre-existing health conditions like diabetes, hypertension, chronic lung, and kidney disease. There is a 30% increase in heart-related ailments, especially heart attacks, during winter compared to summer months.
(Dr M Sudhakar Rao, Consultant – Cardiology, Manipal Hospital Sarjapur Road)

Vasoconstriction is caused by cold temperatures (narrowing of arteries), requiring the heart to work harder to pump blood, resulting in increased blood pressure and increased workload. Platelets become more adherent due to colder temperatures, increasing the risk for developing a potentially life-threatening clot in the arteries. There is an increase in the frequency of heart attacks and heart disease in the winter months during the morning hours due to an imbalance of sympathetic hormones and increased blood pressure. This increased demand on the cardiovascular system creates a higher risk of experiencing a cardiac event.

There is additionally, a link between decreased sunlight exposure leading to Vitamin D deficiency and decreased physical activity associated with winter months which also plays an important role in cardiovascular health.

Keep up a healthy lifestyle: To keep your heart healthy, live a healthy and disciplined life.
Diet: People tend to work out less during winter. Eat a lot of fruits, vegetables, and whole grains, and stay away from processed or unhealthy foods.
Exercise: It's very important to stay active. If it's too cold outside to work out, try doing it later in the day or inside (like just walking around the house).
Stay warm: Wear warm clothing and keep your surroundings warm to prevent unexpected exposure to chilly temperatures. This can stress the heart.
Stop smoking: Quitting to smoke is one of the most important things you can do to protect your heart.
Getting a flu shot: The Flu can complicate your heart health, so it's advised to consult a physician regarding flu vaccination.
Take care of your mental health: Mental stress is a big reason why people have heart problems. To reduce stress and improve your mood, engage in daily activities such as yoga, dancing, meditation, and sun exposure.
Regular check-ups: Always check your blood sugar and blood pressure.
Medication adherence: If you have heart problems, you should take the medications that your doctor has prescribed.
Seek medical assistance immediately: You should consult a cardiologist as soon as possible if you experience symptoms such as shortness of breath, chest pain, irregular heartbeat, or changes in blood pressure.