Trade tensions between India and the United States may be entering a new phase. The US has launched a sweeping investigation into “unfair trade practices” involving sixteen major economies, with India among those under scrutiny. The probe, conducted under Section 301 of the Trade Act of 1974, could eventually allow Washington to impose tariffs or trade restrictions if American industries are found to be harmed. The investigation comes soon after a new trade framework announced by Donald Trump and Narendra Modi aimed at expanding bilateral trade. However, US officials say ongoing negotiations will not prevent trade enforcement actions. With India exporting more than $100 billion worth of goods to the US each year, sectors like electronics, metals, engineering goods and solar equipment could come under the spotlight.