Retinoblastoma: Easy to miss symptoms of eye cancer

Retinoblastoma is a rare form of eye cancer that mainly affects young children. It develops when the cells in the retina, which is the part of the eye that detects light, grow uncontrollably. One of the most common early signs of retinoblastoma is a white pupil or white spot in the eye, which can be seen in photographs when a flash is used. However, not all children with retinoblastoma will have this symptom. Other symptoms of retinoblastoma are easy to miss or may be mistaken for other common eye conditions, so it's important to be aware of them to ensure prompt diagnosis and treatment. Below are the signs of retinoblastoma, and the steps parents can take to protect their child's vision and overall health:

​Dr. Sima Das, Director, Oculoplasty and Ocular Oncology, Dr. Shroff's Charity Eye Hospital, Daryaganj, Delhi says, “The most common symptom of retinoblastoma is a white pupil or white spot in the central black part of the eye that appears in flash photography. However, not all children with retinoblastoma exhibit this sign. Other symptoms may include crossed eyes (squint), changes in iris color, redness or swelling of the eye, and eye pain or discomfort. It's important to note that these symptoms may be caused by conditions other than retinoblastoma, but if you notice any of these changes in your child's eyes, seek medical attention immediately.”

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​If your child's doctor suspects retinoblastoma, they will likely refer you to an ophthalmologist who specializes in eye health. The ophthalmologist will perform a detailed eye examination and may order additional tests such as an ultrasound or MRI to confirm the diagnosis. Treatment options will depend on the severity and stage of the disease and may include chemotherapy, radiation therapy, or surgical removal of the affected eye in severe cases. In some cases, a combination of these treatments may be used.

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​The prognosis for retinoblastoma depends on several factors, including the stage of the disease, the age of the child, and whether the cancer has spread to other parts of the body. With prompt and effective treatment, many children with retinoblastoma can be cured. However, some children may experience long-term effects of treatment, such as vision loss or an increased risk of developing other types of cancer. Regular check-ups with your child's doctor are essential for monitoring their health and addressing any issues that arise.

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Retinoblastoma is a rare but serious type of eye cancer that requires prompt attention from medical professionals. Understanding the symptoms and risk factors is key to early detection and effective treatment. If you suspect that your child may be experiencing symptoms of retinoblastoma, don't hesitate to seek medical attention. Early diagnosis and treatment can make all the difference in preserving your child's vision and overall health.
​Also Read: Dry eyes, Myopia and more: 5 reasons you're getting these eye problems​