World Hepatitis Day 2025: 7 myths that could put your health at risk

World Hepatitis Day reminds us that despite the significant public health burden caused by viral hepatitis, awareness and understanding among the general public remain alarmingly low. This lack of knowledge has allowed several myths and misconceptions to flourish, many of which act as barriers to early diagnosis, treatment, and prevention.

While excessive alcohol intake and unsafe food can lead to liver problems, hepatitis, specifically viral hepatitis, is caused by a group of viruses (Hepatitis A, B, C, D, and E). Hepatitis A and E are typically transmitted through contaminated food or water, while B, C, and D spread through blood and body fluids. Blaming lifestyle choices alone can delay diagnosis and overlook the real modes of transmission.

With timely diagnosis and proper treatment, Hepatitis B and C can be managed effectively. Antiviral medications can suppress the virus, reduce liver inflammation, and even prevent progression to liver failure or cancer. In many cases, individuals can live normal, healthy lives with appropriate care. It’s the stigma and fear that create bigger hurdles than the disease itself.

Hepatitis, especially B and C, can remain asymptomatic for years. A person might feel perfectly healthy while unknowingly spreading the virus to others. This silent nature is what makes routine screenings, particularly in high-risk populations, so crucial. Silence is not safety; awareness and vigilance are key.

The Hepatitis B vaccine is one of the most effective ways to prevent infection and is recommended for all infants, unvaccinated children, and at-risk adults. Just because one feels healthy doesn’t mean they are immune. Prevention is far better and easier than a cure. Hepatitis A is also vaccine-preventable.

While tattoos and piercings may be culturally or personally significant, getting them done in unregulated or unhygienic settings can pose a serious risk. The reuse of needles or poor sterilisation practices can transmit Hepatitis B and C viruses. Always ensure that body modification procedures are conducted by trained professionals in licensed facilities.

The workplace plays a vital role in the overall health ecosystem of individuals. Lack of awareness, fear of discrimination, and limited access to preventive healthcare can hinder early detection and treatment among employees. Organisations must prioritise regular health screenings, health education, and create stigma-free environments that support affected individuals.

Contrary to this belief, lifestyle changes, adherence to medical advice, and regular follow-ups can help individuals manage hepatitis effectively. Avoiding alcohol, eating a balanced diet, maintaining a healthy weight, and taking prescribed medications can significantly improve health outcomes.

As we mark World Hepatitis Day, it becomes all the more important to confront the many myths and misconceptions that continue to surround this disease. Hepatitis is often misunderstood, leading to unnecessary fear, delayed treatment, and social stigma. But the truth is, hepatitis is preventable, manageable, and in many cases, even curable. By spreading accurate information, encouraging timely vaccinations and regular screenings, and promoting open conversations, we can empower individuals to take charge of their health. A supportive environment — whether at home, in the community, or at the workplace plays a crucial role in encouraging early diagnosis and reducing the barriers to care. Employers, families, and healthcare providers all have a part to play in creating a culture where awareness and action go hand in hand. With the right knowledge and preventive steps, we can begin to dismantle the silence and stigma that still surrounds hepatitis. Because in the end, awareness doesn’t just change minds, it saves lives. Let’s begin by busting the myths and replacing them with facts.

Dr. Vikram Vora, Medical Director and Chief Health Officer (Indian Subcontinent), International SOS