How to identify thyroid problems in kids; early signs to note

Thyroid is a small gland located at the front of the neck. It produces hormones that help with brain development and growth in infants, while also playing an important role in regulating metabolism in adults. Having said that, any inconsistencies in the thyroid gland can lead to complications. A lot of times, thyroid issues are missed in children, because the symptoms can be easily mistaken with other conditions. Although most thyroid disorders occur in adults, young children can also develop it too.

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Hypothyroidism and hyperthyroidism are two of the most common thyroid diseases. Reportedly, hypothyroidism is more common than hyperthyroidism.

Hypothyroidism is when the thyroid gland is under-reactive, meaning it produces very less thyroid hormones. The condition that is most likely to cause this disorder is Hasimoto’s Thyroiditis, which is usually genetic and runs in the family. Congenital hypothyroidism is said to be the most common thyroid problem identified in newborns. Your child can also develop acquired hypothyroidism which most often hits in adolescence but can happen at any age.

Hyperthyroidism is different from hypothyroidism. It occurs when the thyroid glands are overactive and produce more hormones than necessary. One in 10,000 children are said to develop this condition, which is why it is extremely rare.

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Some of the common symptoms of hypothyroidism in kids include:

- Fatigue and decreased energy

- Constipation

- Rough dry skin

- Decreased growth rate

- Feeling cold

- Muscle soreness

- Delayed puberty

- Frequent bruising

Symptoms of hyperthyroidism include:

- Increased growth rate

- Trouble concentrating

- Feeling hot or having fast heartbeat

- Increased appetite, but weight loss

- Sleep issues

- Trembling hands

- Muscle weakness

- Diarrhea

In case your child develops any of the symptoms of thyroid disease, it is best to take them to a pediatrician. Certain tests may be required to check thyroid levels in kids. A simple blood test can help determine it. If your child is diagnosed with thyroid issue, you can then consult an endocrinologist with regard to the treatment plan.