The Diphu Assembly constituency is one of the 126 constituencies in the Assam Legislative Assembly and is designated as constituency number 110. Reserved for Scheduled Tribe candidates, it falls under the Diphu Lok Sabha constituency. Key political parties active in the region include the Bharatiya Janata Party (BJP), Indian National Congress (INC), All India United Democratic Front (AIUDF), Asom Gana Parishad (AGP), United People's Party Liberal (UPPL), Bodoland People's Front (BPF), and the Communist Party of India (Marxist) (CPI-M).
In the 2021 Assembly elections, Bidya Sing Engleng of the BJP won the seat, defeating Sum Ronghang of Congress by a margin of 40,528 votes. During the 2024 Lok Sabha elections, BJP candidate Amarsing Tisso secured the Diphu Lok Sabha seat, defeating Independent candidate JI Kathar with a margin of 1,47,603 votes.
According to the Election Commission, the Diphu constituency had 1,52,462 registered voters in 2021, comprising 75,415 males and 75,553 females. There were no voters registered under the third gender. Additionally, 1,311 valid postal votes were cast, and the number of service voters was 304.